As India gears up for returning to normalcy in phases, we remain at high risk considering that the spike in numbers has made India the fourth worst COVID hit country today. It is extremely crucial that now more than ever we take stringent precautions to stay safe, especially taking care of those at high risk. COVID-19, caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, presents with symptoms like coughing, fever, myalgia and respiratory complications such as viral pneumonia, and respiratory failure. Even though it can infect people from any age group, older people and those with pre-existing medical conditions like diabetes are at a higher risk.
According to reports, there is a
bi-directional relationship between COVID-19 and diabetes and is associated
with increased risk and mortality. The study observed that about 20-30% of the COVID-19 fatalities were reported to be
patients with diabetes. The scientists further stated that there is a
possibility that the novel coronavirus can even alter glucose metabolism which
could complicate the condition of preexisting diabetes or lead to new
mechanisms of disease. So, given the nature of both these diseases, there is a
need for India to increase awareness about the conditions. As the second most
affected country in terms of diabetes, we need to understand the risk factors
involved to better combat the diseases. The risk factors can be generally
divided into two factors – immunity and glucose levels, and physical
restrictions.
A study of the symptoms of the
virus shows the impact it has on a patient’s immune system. It is contagious in
nature and spreads similar to bacterial infections and other respiratory
diseases. Diabetic patients are known to be more susceptible to infections and
other comorbidities due to a dysfunction of the immune system caused by
hyperglycemia. This makes it harder for patients to combat the virus and
entails longer recovery periods. Poor glycaemic control impairs the immune
response to viral infection as well as creates conditions for secondary
bacterial infection in the lungs. Many diabetic patients are also obese and
obesity does add to the risk factor of contracting diseases. Those with severe
obesity may suffer from underlying respiratory problems, which in many cases
leads to feeling fatigued and general weakness.
The characteristics of these two
diseases make it crucial for those with diabetes to monitor themselves on a
regular basis and take safeguards against the virus. While the risk factors are
high, the good news is that patients can control the risk factors by managing
their health and taking proper advice and guidance from their doctors. Maintain
healthy lifestyle habits, have a proper diet, follow social distancing, take
medications on time and monitor your health regularly by undergoing check-ups
and necessary procedures to effectively combat the virus. Following general
safety and prevention procedures as directed by relevant healthcare authorities
will help to avoid getting infected and maintain continued good health.
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